Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab)
Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab) - General Information
A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia. It is the principal carrier of nitrogen in the body and is an important energy source for many cells. [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab)
Like other amino acids, glutamine is biochemically important as a constituent of proteins. Glutamine is also crucial in nitrogen metabolism. Ammonia (formed by nitrogen fixation) is assimilated into organic compounds by converting glutamic acid to glutamine. The enzyme which accomplishes this is called glutamine synthetase. Glutamine can then be used as a nitrogen donor in the biosynthesis of many compounds, including other amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab) for patients
Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab) Interactions
Human growth hormone - Concomitant use of L-glutamine and human growth hormone may enhance nutrient absorption in those with severe short bowel syndrome. L-glutamine has orphan drug status for this indication. Indomethacin - Concomitant use of L-glutamine and indomethacin may ameliorate increased intestinal permeability caused by indomethacin. The reported dose used for L-glutamine was 21 grams daily taken in divided doses three times a day. Further, misoprostol is reported to have a synergistic effect with this combination in ameliorating intestinal permeability. Methotrexate - There is one report that methotrexate may decrease the possible effectiveness of supplemental L-glutamine for chemotherapy-induced mucositis. In another report, nine patients with breast cancer were reported to have decreased symptoms of methotrexate-related toxicity when given supplemental L-glutamine at a dose of 0.5 gram/kilogram/day. Paclitaxel - In one report, L-glutamine at a dose of 10 grams three times daily, given 24 hours after receiving paclitaxel, appeared to prevent the development of myalgia and arthralgia, adverse reactions of paclitaxel.
Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab) Contraindications
Supplemental L-glutamine is contraindicated in those hypersensitive to any component of a glutamine-containing product.
Additional information about Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab)
Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab) Indication: Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Mechanism Of Action: Supplemental L-glutamine's possible immunomodulatory role may be accounted for in a number of ways. L-glutamine appears to play a major role in protecting the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract and, in particular, the large intestine. During catabolic states, the integrity of the intestinal mucosa may be compromised with consequent increased intestinal permeability and translocation of Gram-negative bacteria from the large intestine into the body. The demand for L-glutamine by the intestine, as well as by cells such as lymphocytes, appears to be much greater than that supplied by skeletal muscle, the major storage tissue for L-glutamine. L-glutamine is the preferred respiratory fuel for enterocytes, colonocytes and lymphocytes. Therefore, supplying supplemental L-glutamine under these conditions may do a number of things. For one, it may reverse the catabolic state by sparing skeletal muscle L-glutamine. It also may inhibit translocation of Gram-negative bacteria from the large intestine. L-glutamine helps maintain secretory IgA, which functions primarily by preventing the attachment of bacteria to mucosal cells. L-glutamine appears to be required to support the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes, as well as the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). It is also required for the maintenance of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK). L-glutamine can enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. It can lead to an increased synthesis of glutathione in the intestine, which may also play a role in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosa by ameliorating oxidative stress. The exact mechanism of the possible immunomodulatory action of supplemental L-glutamine, however, remains unclear. It is conceivable that the major effect of L-glutamine occurs at the level of the intestine. Perhaps enteral L-glutamine acts directly on intestine-associated lymphoid tissue and stimulates overall immune function by that mechanism, without passing beyond the splanchnic bed.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: L-Glutamine
Synonyms: 2-Aminoglutaramic acid; Glutamine
Drug Category: Dietary supplement; Micronutrient; Non-Essential Amino Acids
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Nutraceutical; Approved
Other Brand Names containing L-Glutamine: Glutamine Fuel Powder (Twinlab); Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab); Glutamine Express (Genetic Evolutionary Nutrition); L-Glutamine Power (Champion Nutrition); Earthlink Science Glutamine Chews Chocolate (Amerifit); Cebrogen; Stimulina; Glavamin;
Absorption: Absorption is efficient and occurs by an active transport mechanism
Toxicity (Overdose): Doses of L-glutamine up to 21 grams daily appear to be well tolerated. Reported adverse reactions are mainly gastrointestinal and not common. They include constipation and bloating. There is one older report of two hypomanic patients whose manic symptoms were exacerbated following the use of 2 to 4 grams daily of L-glutamine. The symptoms resolved when the L-glutamine was stopped. These patients were not rechallenged, nor are there any other reports of this nature.
Protein Binding: Not Available
Biotransformation: Enterocytes, Hepatic
Half Life: Not Available
Dosage Forms of Glutamine Fuel Mega (Twinlab): Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name: (2S)-2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid
Chemical Formula: C5H10N2O3
L-Glutamine on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-Glutamine
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
